Menene turbocharger?

Hoto: Ra'ayoyi biyu na injin turbocharger mara mai wanda NASA ta kirkira.Hoton Cibiyar Bincike ta NASA Glenn (NASA-GRC).

Shin kun taɓa kallon motoci suna ta haye ku tare da hayaƙin hayaƙi na kwarara daga bututun wutsiya?Babu shakka hayakin hayaki yana haifar da gurɓacewar iska, amma ba a cika ganin cewa suna ɓarna makamashi a lokaci guda ba.Shaye-shaye cakude ne na iskar gas mai zafi da ke fitowa cikin sauri kuma duk makamashin da ke cikinsa-zafi da motsi (kinetic energy) — suna bacewa ba tare da amfani ba cikin yanayi.Shin ba zai kasance da kyau ba idan injin zai iya amfani da wannan ɓarnar wutar ko ta yaya don sa motar ta yi sauri?Abin da turbocharger ke yi kenan.

Injin mota suna yin ƙarfi ta hanyar kona mai a cikin gwangwani masu ƙarfi da ake kira Silinda.Iskar tana shiga kowace silinda, tana gauraya da mai, sannan tana konewa don yin wani ɗan ƙaramin fashe da ke fitar da fistan, yana jujjuya ramummuka da gears ɗin da ke jujjuya ƙafafun motar.Lokacin da piston ya sake turawa, yana fitar da iska mai sharar gida da cakuda mai daga cikin silinda azaman shayewa.Adadin wutar da mota za ta iya samarwa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da yadda take ƙone mai.Yawan silinda da kuke da su da girma, yawan man da motar za ta iya ƙonewa kowane daƙiƙa kuma (aƙalla aƙalla) da sauri ta iya tafiya.

Hanya ɗaya don sa mota ta yi sauri ita ce ƙara ƙarin silinda.Shi ya sa manyan motocin wasanni masu saurin gudu yawanci suna da silinda takwas da goma sha biyu maimakon silinda huɗu ko shida a cikin motar iyali ta al'ada.Wani zaɓi shine amfani da turbocharger, wanda ke tilasta ƙarin iska a cikin silinda kowane daƙiƙa don su iya ƙone mai cikin sauri.A turbocharger ne mai sauki, in mun gwada da arha, karin bit na kit da zai iya samun ƙarin iko daga wannan inji!